Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a water solution of sodium hypochlorite that can, in small amounts, contain sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorate. It is produced by absorption of chlorine in a diluted solution of sodium hydroxide.
PROPERTIES
Sodium hypochlorite is a yellow- green, slightly turbid liquid, which has a characteristic stinging odour. It is unstable and is easily decomposed due to the effect of heat or light and presence of heavy metals. Long-term standing causes its spontaneous decomposition, resulting in a decreased content of the active chlorine. The decomposition process is sped up by light and by catalytic effects of metals (nickel, copper, iron, etc.)
TECHNICAL DATA
| Content of active chlorine (Cl2), min., in winter |
g / l |
150 |
| Content of active chlorine (Cl2), min., in summer |
g / l |
140 |
| Content of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), max. |
g / l |
12 |
| Content of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), max. |
g / l |
10 |
| Content of iron (Fe), max. |
g / l |
0,008 |
APPLICATION
Sodium hypochlorite is used for bleaching in the paper and textile industries. In the chemical industry it is used as an oxidising agent and a disinfectant.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND HEALTH PROTECTION
It is neither explosive nor flammable, but when decomposing it liberates oxygen that supports burning. This substance has irritable effects on skin and mucous membrane that increase depending upon chlorine release. Possibility of skin sensitivity is not eliminated. You are recommended to use a protective mask with yellow V filter against inhalation. During work i tis important to used protective gloves, face shield, rubber gloves, protective rubber apron and high rubber boots.
Upon contact with acidic substances and by atmospheric CO
2 action too, a non-stabilised hypochlorous acid is liberated which decomposes to chlorine and oxygen. The liberated chlorine is strongly irritating to the skin and mucous membrane, and the inhalation in larger concentrations can result in death. In cases of accident, seek medical attention immediately.
PACKING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
Sodium hypochlorite is supplied in rubber-coated rail tanks, polyethylene or polypropylene containers, or other packaging coverings as agreed in advance. The container is filled with NaOCl solution to (90 ± 3) % of basic volume. Each storage unit must be tagged according to Act No. 163/2001, RID and ADR regulations. Transportation on rail and roads is performed based on valid regulations. There is a decrease of active chlorine volume during transport and storing.
Sodium hypochlorite may be stored in laminate, titan, stoneware, glass and synthetic containers (e.g. polypropylene and polyethylene). Store away from acidic vapours and organic substances.
The presented instructions are to be considered as general and may be modified with regard to local conditions.
